William Shakespeare s Othello - Lack Of Respect And...

William Shakespeare’s, Othello, expresses the lack of respect and authority given to women during Shakespeare’s time. Throughout the piece, women are repeatedly put in positions subordinate to men and are stripped of a voice. Women in this piece are portrayed as â€Å"belongings† to men, and never resist how they are treated. Iago is able to use women in his plan, like pawns in a chess game, to benefit himself. However, it is a woman in the end who puts the pieces together and solves Iago twisted plot. It is also the women in the end who stay sane and loyal to their men. Shakespeare discreetly communicates to the audience the message that women were underestimated during the time, and shouldn’t be treated as subordinates. In this piece we are able to observe three main women characters who are all mistreated, but remain just and loyal to their partners. Emilia, wife of Iago, is one of the three women characters who is mistreated by Iago. The unequal balanc e of love is clear between Emilia and Iago, knowing that Emilia desires to please Iago. She selflessly states â€Å"And give t Iago: what he will do with it Heaven knows, not I; I nothing but to please his fantasy†. Iago simply uses Emilia as his tool to better himself. Before revealing what Emilia has done what Iago has asked of her, he refers to her as a â€Å"foolish wife† (Shakespeare 4.3. line 314), which she quickly disregards. She has done what he has asked of her and he still â€Å"thanks† her by stating â€Å"A good wench, give it me†Show MoreRelatedWomen in Othello/ Elizabethan Times1608 Words   |  7 Pagesâ€Å"The value of identity of course is that so often with it comes purpose† (Stevenson, Robert).In play Othello identity is a topic that appears throughout the play. In Shakespeare Othello all the women, Desdemona, Emilia and Bianca have no separate identity all three are defined by who they are or not married to or the male charac ters they are connected with. â€Å"According to the Elizabethan times that the play was written in and the general hierarchies within Venetian society men hold all the power andRead MoreOthello: Compare and Contrast The Two Wives1627 Words   |  7 Pages Bob Mudd Compare and contrast the two characters Desdemona and Emilia from the play Othello. Desdemona and Emilia Comparison and Contrast In the play Othello the Moor of Venice by William Shakespeare., there are two prominent women that grab and hold our attention. One is the wife of the play’s heroic character Othello; the other is engaged to an untrustworthy man named Iago. The women are part of, but yet serve as a small piece of what goes on in the play and which is how the conflict of theRead MoreAnalysis of Act One of Othello by William Shakespeare Essay1474 Words   |  6 PagesAnalysis of Act One of Othello by William Shakespeare Act 1 is an exceptionally indicative passage of writing in which Shakespeare attempts to divulge the coarse essence of Iagos nature to the audience. Indeed, by the conclusion of line 66 the audience not only understands - in broad terms - Iagos motives and grievances, but also something of the manner in which he intends to consummate Read MoreFeminism In Shakespeares Othello1346 Words   |  6 PagesMythily Thesomayananthan Ms.Zegarac ENG 4U0-C July 16, 2017 Feminism in Othello The male dominated society has hardly left any stone unturned in empowerment of women. Williams Shakespeare’s tragic play, Othello, reveals a detailed illustration of victimization of females in society. Throughout the play, the three women Desdemona, Emilia, and Bianca are rejected by their spouses, yet still cherish them completely. All three of the womenRead MoreHamlet, Prince Of Denmark1869 Words   |  8 PagesABSTRACT I, with all my interest and will decided to do my term paper on one of the most controversial yet diversely analysed work of literature that is Hamlet, Prince of Denmark written by the ever greatest man in history of English literature, William Shakespeare.The aura of this play is not at all questionable. The essence it captures down throughout every single scene and dialogues is undeniably recommendable. But in spite of these the play, according to may of the critics is somewhere an artisticRead MoreEssay on Othello and Hedda Gabler: Breaking from Tradition1825 Words   |  8 Pageswomen have not always been evident. Even with different time periods, there has always been a break in the traditional female roles. Traditional female roles have always represented women as having the subordinate, submissive position in society with respects to the male and being the nurturers and caregivers to children. This stereotypical woman is forbidden to step outside the boundaries of her dutie s as a woman, nor allowed to speak out against their dominant male counterpart; leaving them to be completelyRead MoreFeminism in Othello2156 Words   |  9 PagesWomen’s Roles in Othello Shakespearean England was a thoroughly patriarchal society, with very few rights for women. This culture was borne of the perspective that women were of a lower worth in society than men, a view reflected in the treatment of the majority of women by the men in their lives. William Shakespeare wrote many plays about social issues across Europe, and his play Othello was especially focused on the mistreatment of women in England. Though Desdemona and Emilia, the two main femaleRead MoreThe Downfall Of Othello By William Shakespeare2963 Words   |  12 PagesDownfall of Othello Philippians 2:4 says, â€Å"Do no merely look out for your own personal interests, but also for the interests of others† (New American Standard Bible). God warns His people to turn from their selfish ways and be more concerned with the well being of others instead of only being concerned with one’s self. However, selfishness has been a sin that the human race has struggled with since the beginning of time. Shakespeare shows this age-old struggle with many characters in Othello. RacismRead MoreThe Battle Of Desdemona And Nora Helmer2503 Words   |  11 Pagesobjects than humans. Both authors, William Shakespeare and Henrik Ibsen, express the inequality of women throughout the two plays. In A Doll’s House, Ibsen expresses how women are degraded by society. Henrick characterized Nora Helmer as an average, â€Å"stay at home mom† who takes care of the children, and has no job to provide for her family. Throughout the story the reader sees how Nora fuels the p lay and also helps develop the plot. Although in Othello, Shakespeare presents women using the same approachRead MoreHamlet : A Tragic Comedy1828 Words   |  8 Pages Hamlet: A Tragic Comedy William Shakespeare once said that â€Å"brevity is the soul of wit.† This is heavily evident in regards to Hamlet and all of his short, witty comments throughout the play. In Act I Scene II Hamlet s wit comes out in full force during a discussion with his mother, Gertrude, and his uncle/stepfather, Claudius, with Hamlet’s very first words in the play: â€Å"A little more than kin, and less than kind!† (Meyer, pg 1610) WIth this initial first line, he satirically assaults Claudius’

Aristotle, Conflicting Lifestyles - 831 Words

Conflicting Lifestyles When comparing the contemplative lifestyle to the moral virtuous lifestyle, one finds the differences to rest on the three types of good: goods of the body, external goods, and goods of the soul. One conflict comes between leading a courageous, brave life and desiring happiness. To explain the aforementioned I feel it necessary to define true courage. It seems true courage revolves around death. Not every kind of death is considered noble, for example death from drowning or death from disease. Aristotle feels the noblest death is death in battle because man is faced with the greatest dangers. To die a noble death, one must be in a situation where he can die at any moment, yet still is fearless (bk 3,†¦show more content†¦By pointing out the different problems with the different lifestyles of the moral virtuous life, I attempt to support Aristotles conclusion that the contemplative life is superior to the moral, virtuous life. The reason is that when one leads a moral virtuous life, one is dependent on either goods of the body, or external goods. When one leads a contemplative life, one only needs goods of the soul. Reason being, that when one lives only to learn and understand things, outside forces are irrelevant. Granted, even when living the contemplative life, one needs a certain degree of bodily good; namely decent health, but one does not need abundance. One needs no external goods in the way of praise or money, because the contemplative life consists of self-assurance and self-reliance. There would be no high-minded men if there were no one there to praise them. There would be no truly courageous men if there were no wars. High-minded men need honor, courageous men need both internal and external goods, yet the purely contemplative man needs little or none of the aforementioned, therefore explaining how the contemplative life transcends issues that the moral, virtuous life cannotShow MoreRelated Roman and Greek Philosophys Influen ce on Todays Western Culture780 Words   |  4 Pagesmeans ?meaning of the universe?. Rome at its beginning was basically agricultural and martial culture. As a result, the earliest Romans stressed effortlessness, strength, and toughness, which are all requirements of both the agricultural and martial lifestyles. As an academic discipline, Western political philosophy has its origins in ancient Greek society, when city-states were experimenting with various forms of political organization including monarchy, tyranny, aristocracy, oligarchy, and democracyRead MoreThe Difference Between Emotion and Reason1517 Words   |  7 PagesEmotion is an internal decision. It is ones mind, sometimes consciously and sometimes subconsciously, balancing, integrating and juggling various different, and often conflicting, facts, experiences and concepts. It is a subjective, psychological experience, correlated with a group of physiological reactions arising in response to some situation. It is often held that one can have no emotional self-control, that an emotion cannot be consciously willed to occur at any particular time, that emotionsRead MoreHsun Tzu and Mencius: Conflicting Perspectives of Society1630 Words   |  7 PagesHSUN TZU AND MENCIUS: Their Conflicting Perspectives of Society The Warring States period in China (453-221 BCE) presented a time of great confusion and chaos among the people of China. However, it was also a great period for the philosophy of Confucianism, with the teachings of Mencius and Hsun Tzu to lead the way for their lost followers. According to Hsun Tzu and Mencius, human beings give birth to their children with a sense of an inherent reaction to life. Without proper teaching, childrenRead MoreEvaluate The Application Of Health From A Psychological Perspective?1863 Words   |  8 Pagesdefinition of stressful situations is one in which the demands of the situation threaten to exceed the resources of the individual (Lazarus Folkman 1984). Accordingly a Health psychologist’s will imply methods such as therapy, exercise, diet/lifestyle changes as well as attitude alterations on order to promote and achieve a positive change to the individuals life. Similar to Engel, (Morley 1999) proposed psychosocial interventions, which appeared to help chronic pain patients reduce their distressRead MoreOne Day Diary3172 Words   |  13 Pagesself has three parts; the physical body with its appetites, which animates and drives it, and the thinking mind that rules it. He sees the ideal human life is as integrating its three distinct elements in a hierarchy. According to Thompson(2006), Aristotle sees the self as that which gives form and purpose to the physical body . The uneasy feeling is due to the interaction of mind with the physical body. My concerns towards my physical illness reminded me self care theory. The theory is about the personalRead More Morality and Gay Rights Discourse Essay2620 Words   |  11 PagesMoral ity and Gay Rights Discourse When Aristotle discussed the material premises of enthymemes as being important in rhetoric, he was prescient of the kind of appeals that would be tendered by opponents in the discourse over gay rights issues long after his time. Smith and Windes express the nature of this conflict accurately when they write, â€Å"symbols expressing fundamental cultural values are invoked by all sides† (1997: 28). Similarly, Sarah S. Brown describes the participants in a â€Å"struggleRead MoreGood Virtue For This Final Analysis Assignment Essay2431 Words   |  10 Pagesproblem committed by several students. An email was sent out to the student body encouraging students to report the names of specific wrongdoers as part of the Deans investigation. From here, Joe did not know what to do. As we can see, Joe is in a conflicting place. Since he has found himself with information he didn t want to have in the first place, he just making the decision about what to do with it. The question I would like to address that came from this case is: Is it ethical for Joe to omitRead MoreA World Lit Only by Fire Reading Guide Essay3337 Words   |  14 Pagessurrounding â€Å"mysterious† pregnancies. Famines were common and many lower class families ate only two meals a day. The Church continued to have influence over the daily lives of the people, their luxurious lifestyles becoming a normality for this age. 24. The Hapsburg lands in 1519 included Spain, France England, Ireland, Holy Roman Empire, Poland, Ottoman Empire and Western and Central Europe. 25. The Fuggers were German bankers whoRead MoreSources of Ethics20199 Words   |  81 Pages48 Implications of Behavioural Genetics Research In Society: 50 How the genes influence behaviour and ethics: 52 2.3- PHILOSOPHICAL: 55 2.31- Contribution Of In Ethics By The Source Of Philosophical Systems: 55 2.32- Contribution of Aristotle: 57 2.33- Contributions By Other Important Philosophers: 58 2.34- Rights Theory: 64 2.35- Contribution By KANT: 65 2.36- Contribution By ROSS: 66 2.4- CULTURAL: 68 2.5- LEGAL SYSTEM: 71 2.6- CODES OF ETHICS: 74 2.61- CompanyRead MoreEssay about Ancient History: Sparta 98% Assesment Mark6373 Words   |  26 Pagesthe Delphic oracle. He was instructed to â€Å"establish a sanctuary to Zeus and Athena; divide the people into tribes and obai; appoint the two kings and a Gerousia of 28 men. Although there are some issues on the reliability of sources on Lycurgus, conflicting accounts had been given to most aspects of the life of Lycurgus particularly those relating to his initiatives as a lawmaker. The changes or reforms allegedly introduced Lycurgus were in the form of a great Rhetra and most probably date from

Operating in Violent Areas Free Essays

Yes, I think companies should feel free to do business all over the world, as long as they keep to the local law and regulations. Companies are the ones with the money, if all the companies stay away from violent countries or areas, then the local people will never have a better life. Unless the violent stops, but in most countries the violence will go on for many years (like Rwanda). We will write a custom essay sample on Operating in Violent Areas or any similar topic only for you Order Now There are a lot of companies which are making big money in violent areas. The most money is made in sectors like intelligence gathering, investigations in local companies and security. And a lot of constructing companies are making big money in Iran and Afghanistan, that is logical because a great deal of western governments are investing a lot of money in rebuilding those countries. Even the mining industry are booming in those countries, because bigger companies want to buy out. Some economists are saying that taking risk in violent countries can bring you from the second place to the market leading position. So for those companies it is worth taking the risk. As the writer of the ‘Point Yes’ (from the handout) said: ‘Some industry don’t have the luxury of avoiding the violent countries, take the petroleum industry’. If you take a look at the world most dangerous countries you see that Iraq and Colombia are both in the top 10. But they are rich of oil. So companies as Shell and BP will going to invest there, even putting the risk of the employees at risk. Companies are responsible for their employees, if they want to send current workers to those violent areas, they should inform them about the situations and risks. Of course there are limits because your employees are not militaries, so where the fight is at the highest point (like the beginning of the invasion of the middle east), you should not place your factory in the middle of the two fronts. In my opinion the writer of ‘Point No’ is using the reason ‘The people who are willing to work there, are not ideal for working’, because he is afraid that his company won’t be making profit there. I think as soon as a company is noticing a way to make a lot of profit without breaking any regulations it will invest. Let’s take Iraq for example, the need for private security is very high, so security companies can make a lot of money there. The only risk is that most of the people haven’t got that much experience in working in high risk countries. So having trained experience is good for your company. Your employees will be saver and can handle the mental pressure. Another way is to train local people, who are used to the situation, for your company. But local people can also be a problem, let’s take a look at Somalia because the warlords are chancing all the time, it is very hard to do business there. Every warlord has its own rules and regulations, in some cases they just make up the rules because that suits them better. When that occurs your company has a problem. But most of the time they want ‘protection’ money for your employees. So a form of blackmailing. But many companies have a ‘escape plan’, as soon as the political situation changes the wrong way, they pack their bags and jump on the plain. But if a company doesn’t want to take that much risk, they should analyse their options. Follow local news and polls or they can ask the help of commercial risk-assessment services, they can be of great value. Not only fire-arms can be dangerous for companies, even though it is threat, so is the economic condition of a country. If you want to invest in a country but the economy is collapsing (like the Greek did), than I would not go there, unless you work for example in the oil industry. Because even if the local people can’t afford it anymore, you can always export it to your own country. It is the same if you are already located there. My opinion, companies should operate in risky countries if they have a feeling of creating benefits from it, as long as the employees are not forced to go there. But they should always take in to account that a lot of violent countries are not stable, so make sure you are prepared for when something bad happens. To make sure you won’t go bankrupted it is wise to spread your risk by not only depending on that one country. How to cite Operating in Violent Areas, Papers

Contemporary Public Health Issues Samples †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Contemporary Public Health Issues. Answer: Introduction The mortality rate is the frequency of death occurrences in a given place at a particular point in time. Mortality rates keep ranging depending on various factors such as the social, economic and environmental factors. Infant mortality is the most common and it cuts across different ethnic groups.in relation to that, this essay elaborates how social and environmental determinants of health leads to the dynamic interplay in mortality rates in Australia. The social determinants are the people's lifestyle that may lead to various mortality rates depending on how severe they are. The environmental factors are the biotic or abiotic factors that may affect the lives of individuals living in that particular area leading to either increase or decrease in mortality rates (Naujokas, et. al. 2013, p. 55). The social determinants of health on the ranging mortality rates include race or ethnicity, infectious diseases, biological factors, income, globalization, social injustice, behavioral factors and psychosocial factors. On the other hand, the environmental factors include the environmental health factors like the exposure of the occupants to toxic substances, cigarette consumption, air pollution and water pollution. These factors, therefore, influence the mortality rates either positively or negatively.it is therefore imperative to study how they influence mortality rates so that necessary actions can be taken to reduce the high rates of mortality (Bauer, Briss, Goodman, and Bowman, 2014, p. 48). Environmental determinants of health on the ranging patterns of mortality Exposure of occupants to toxic substances When the occupants of Australia are exposed to toxic substances that are obviously not good for their health they will contact various diseases that may damage their respiratory systems. Continuous exposure may lead to severe damages leading to chronic diseases such as lung cancer which is very costly to cure and at times may be very tricky to cure in its last stages which are so severe hence leading to increased mortality rates.in that relation the environment should be kept clean the government should ensure certain bodies or organizations exist to ensure environmental conservation. Consumption of addictive drugs such as cigarette The cigarette is a very addictive drug and most people tend to abuse it by consuming too much and yet it is not good to human health. Research shows that too much of its consumption leads to implications such as lung diseases and damages the air sacs in the breathing system hence may cause difficulty in breathing with time (Vineis, and Wild, 2014, p. 559). Its effect is not only to the user but also to the people around the user which is even more severe. This, therefore, shows that too much consumption of it leads to high mortality rates and so the government should employ effective ways of reducing its consumption such as increasing its price by increasing its tax. Air and water pollution Air and water pollution leads to infectious diseases related to respiratory diseases, food hygiene, drinking water and general sanitation. These diseases will definitely lead to increased mortality rates. The public health practitioners should be well acquainted with such health risks and so ensures appropriate measures to control such so as to ensure reduced mortality rates. Air pollutants such as dust, fumes, and smoke can be controlled. The manufacturing industries that emit the toxic fumes should ensure treatment of such gases before releasing them to the air or their waste products before emitting them to rivers so that they do not have adverse effects on the people leaving around such areas (Triassi, Alfano, Illario, Nardone, Caporale, and Montuori, 2015, p. 1210). Social determinants of health on the ranging patterns of mortality Globalization Globalization has emerged profusely in the current days.it has led to both positive and negative effects in different countries. It is very evident that it has helped in the development of various countries Australia included through activities such as trade, tourism, and exchange of information (Knox, Marston, and Imort, 2016, p. 14). Nevertheless, it has led to other negative impacts such as increased health risks such as the spread of communicable diseases and sneaking of illegal drugs into the country such as cocaine. Globalization thus leads to increased mortality rates. Infectious diseases Infectious diseases such as HIV/AIDS have led to an increased rate of mortality rates. The public health sector has ensured necessary precautions and cure so as to reduce the mortality rate. Even though the infectious diseases emerge and re-emerge from time to time various actions have been taken by various countries to reduce their spread for example screening of yellow fever and other infectious diseases at various borders before gaining access to the country (Torre, et. al. 2015, p. 96). The government of Australia in conjunction with the public health practitioners should work together to enhance and facilitate such action so as to reduce mortality rates in Australia. Income level Latest research portrays that high levels of income lead to high mortality rates whereas the previous research shows that high-income levels led to low mortality rates. High income level leads to high mortality rates in the current world since with a lot of income people engage in various luxurious activities that are not health friendly since that is what they take for being classy such as drinking expensive alcoholic drinks and abusing hard drugs (Chetty, et. al. 2016, p. 1777). On the other hand, previously high-income levels led to low mortality rates since people many can afford healthy lifestyle and even medical bills in case of illness hence the reduced mortality rates. Biological factors The biological factors include the sex differences, cardiovascular risk, and indicators of inflammation.it is scientifically proven that women live longer than men and that is why a man and a woman who both contact HIV/AIDS at the same time, the woman will live longer than the man which is mostly facilitated by the menstruation cycle of a woman. Happiness is also one of the biological factors that affect the mortality rate since it leads to a long lifespan (Shi, and Hu, 2014, p. 37). Education Education plays a major role in enlightening people about the emerging issues in the world. For that reason those who are educated and rich are less likely to suffer from diseases, be physically impaired and to they have low mortality rate (Aiken, et.al. 2014, p. 1826). On the other hand, those who are poor and lack education are likely to have high mortality rate since they are not so enlightened about what is going on, for example, the breakout of certain diseases and the appropriate precautions hence they end up contacting those diseases and die so fast due to lack of funds and awareness. Social injustice The mortality rate is influenced by the paces that people are born, live, grow, work and age hence the variation. Research shows that social injustice has led to the short-lived lives of individuals as opposed to the good health that they are supposed to enjoy according to biology. Health systems should work towards embracing equity since social injustice is leading to high mortality rates (Levy, and Sidel, 2013, p. 22). Unfair and unjust practices cause ill health and so the Australian government should work towards ensuring social justice in the country so as to reduce the mortality rate in the country. This must also be assisted by the people through their cooperation. Different parts of the country will experience different mortality rates depending on social injustice practices. Conclusion Mortality rates vary day to day depending on various factors that influence it either positively or negatively. These variations can, therefore, be tackled in different ways. This essay has elaborated how the social and environmental factors have affected mortality rates in Australia. Other factors such as economic and psychological factors also affect mortality rates. It is, therefore, significant to evaluate and establish various policies in the health sector that can help in the reduction of mortality rates and in keeping up with its fluctuating nature. The health practitioners together with the government can after evaluation of these factors influencing mortality rates to come up with solutions to curb them. A number of non-governmental organizations such as the World Health Organization (WHO) has helped in conducting various researchers and in the implementation of some of the policies so as to reduce the mortality rates in the country(World Health Organization and World Health Organization. Management of Substance Abuse Unit, 2014, p. 13). They should also ensure various measures of indicators to be applied in the health sector such life expectancy whereby the government collects information about peoples age at the time of death so as to know the mortality rate and what majorly causes it at a given age that may be so recurring. This will also help it to acknowledge the life expectancy of people in Australia hence can be used to determine the health of people in Australia. Other indicators to be applied in the health sector are mortality indicators, global health, morbidity indicators, disability indicators, social and mental health indicators and nutritional indicators (World Health Organization, 2016. World Health Statistics:. 2016, p. 11). These indicators are very imperative and help the country in analyzing and reducing its mortality rate. Social and environmental factors that influence mortality rates are factors that can be controlled since most of them are just caused by the human being and so appropriate measu res should be taken to reduce them. Bibliography Aiken, L.H., Sloane, D.M., Bruyneel, L., Van den Heede, K., Griffiths, P., Busse, R., Diomidous, M., Kinnunen, J., Kzka, M., Lesaffre, E. and McHugh, M.D.. 2014, 'Nurse staffing and education and hospital mortality in nine European countries: a retrospective observational study', vol 383, no. 9931, pp. 1824-1830. Bauer, U.E., Briss, P.A., Goodman, R.A. and Bowman, B.A. 2014, 'Prevention of chronic disease in the 21st century: elimination of the leading preventable causes of premature death and disability in the USA', vol 38, no. 9937, pp. 45-52. Chetty, R., Stepner, M., Abraham, S., Lin, S., Scuderi, B., Turner, N., Bergeron, A. and Cutler, D., 2016, 'The association between income and life expectancy in the United States, 2001-2014. Jama.', vol 315, no. 16, pp. 1750-1766. Knox, P.L., Marston, S.A. and Imort, M.,. 2016, Human geography: Places and regions in global context., Pearson. Levy, B.S. and Sidel, V.W. eds.. 2013, Social injustice and public health., Oxford University Press. Naujokas, M.F., Anderson, B., Ahsan, H., Aposhian, H.V., Graziano, J.H., Thompson, C. and Suk, W.A., 2013, 'The broad scope of health effects from chronic arsenic exposure: update on a worldwide public health problem.,', Environmental health perspectives, p. 121. Shi, Y. and Hu, F.B., 2014, 'The global implications of diabetes and cancer. ', vol 383, no. 9933, p. 1947. Torre, L.A., Bray, F., Siegel, R.L., Ferlay, J., Lortet?Tieulent, J. and Jemal, A.. 2015, 'Global cancer statistics, 2012. CA:,', a cancer journal for clinicians, vol 65, no. 2, pp. 87-108. Triassi, M., Alfano, R., Illario, M., Nardone, A., Caporale, O. and Montuori, P.,. 2015, ' Environmental pollution from illegal waste disposal and health effects: A review on the Triangle of Death.', International journal of environmental research and public health, vol 12, no. 2, pp. 1216-1236. Vineis, P. and Wild, C.P.,. 2014, 'Global cancer patterns: causes and prevention.', vol 383, no. 916, pp. 549-557. World Health Organization and World Health Organization. Management of Substance Abuse Unit, 2014, Global status report on alcohol and health, , World Health Organization. World Health Organization, 2016. World Health Statistics :. 2016, Monitoring Health for the SDGs Sustainable Development Goals, World Health Organization.